StatisticalVariable

StatisticalVariable represents any type of statistical metric that can be measured at a place and time. The usage pattern for StatisticalVariable is typically expressed using Observation with an explicit populationType, which is a type, typically drawn from Schema.org. Each StatisticalVariable is marked as a ConstraintNode, meaning that some properties (those listed using constraintProperty) serve in this setting solely to define the statistical variable rather than literally describe a specific person, place or thing. For example, a StatisticalVariable Median_Height_Person_Female representing the median height of women, could be written as follows: the population type is Person; the measuredProperty height; the statType median; the gender Female. It is important to note that there are many kinds of scientific quantitative observation which are not fully, perfectly or unambiguously described following this pattern, or with solely Schema.org terminology. The approach taken here is designed to allow partial, incremental or minimal description of StatisticalVariables, and the use of detailed sets of entity and property IDs from external repositories. The measurementMethod, unitCode and unitText properties can also be used to clarify the specific nature and notation of an observed measurement.

Subclass of: ConstraintNode

Properties from StatisticalVariable

Property	Expected Type	Description
measuredProperty	Property	The measuredProperty of an Observation, typically via its StatisticalVariable. There are various kinds of applicable Property: a schema.org property, a property from other RDF-compatible systems, e.g. W3C RDF Data Cube, Data Commons, Wikidata, or schema.org extensions such as GS1's.
measurementDenominator	StatisticalVariable	Identifies the denominator variable when an observation represents a ratio or percentage.
measurementMethod	DefinedTerm, URL, MeasurementMethodEnum, Text	A subproperty of measurementTechnique that can be used for specifying specific methods, in particular via MeasurementMethodEnum.
measurementQualifier	Enumeration	Provides additional qualification to an observation. For example, a GDP observation measures the Nominal value.
measurementTechnique	Text, DefinedTerm, URL, MeasurementMethodEnum	A technique, method or technology used in an Observation, StatisticalVariable or Dataset (or DataDownload, DataCatalog), corresponding to the method used for measuring the corresponding variable(s) (for datasets, described using variableMeasured; for Observation, a StatisticalVariable). Often but not necessarily each variableMeasured will have an explicit representation as (or mapping to) an property such as those defined in Schema.org, or other RDF vocabularies and "knowledge graphs". In that case the subproperty of variableMeasured called measuredProperty is applicable. The measurementTechnique property helps when extra clarification is needed about how a measuredProperty was measured. This is oriented towards scientific and scholarly dataset publication but may have broader applicability; it is not intended as a full representation of measurement, but can often serve as a high level summary for dataset discovery. For example, if variableMeasured is: molecule concentration, measurementTechnique could be: "mass spectrometry" or "nmr spectroscopy" or "colorimetry" or "immunofluorescence". If the variableMeasured is "depression rating", the measurementTechnique could be "Zung Scale" or "HAM-D" or "Beck Depression Inventory". If there are several variableMeasured properties recorded for some given data object, use a PropertyValue for each variableMeasured and attach the corresponding measurementTechnique. The value can also be from an enumeration, organized as a MeasurementMetholdEnumeration.
populationType	Class	Indicates the populationType common to all members of a StatisticalPopulation or all cases within the scope of a StatisticalVariable.
statType	Text, Property, URL	Indicates the kind of statistic represented by a StatisticalVariable, e.g. mean, count etc. The value of statType is a property, either from within Schema.org (e.g. median, marginOfError, maxValue, minValue) or from other compatible (e.g. RDF) systems such as DataCommons.org or Wikidata.org.

Properties from ConstraintNode

Property	Expected Type	Description
constraintProperty	Property, URL	Indicates a property used as a constraint. For example, in the definition of a StatisticalVariable. The value is a property, either from within Schema.org or from other compatible (e.g. RDF) systems such as DataCommons.org or Wikidata.org.
numConstraints	Integer	Indicates the number of constraints property values defined for a particular ConstraintNode such as StatisticalVariable. This helps applications understand if they have access to a sufficiently complete description of a StatisticalVariable or other construct that is defined using properties on template-style nodes.

Properties from Thing

Property	Expected Type	Description
additionalType	Text, URL	An additional type for the item, typically used for adding more specific types from external vocabularies in microdata syntax. This is a relationship between something and a class that the thing is in. Typically the value is a URI-identified RDF class, and in this case corresponds to the use of rdf:type in RDF. Text values can be used sparingly, for cases where useful information can be added without their being an appropriate schema to reference. In the case of text values, the class label should follow the schema.org style guide.
alternateName	Text	An alias for the item.
description	TextObject, Text	A description of the item.
disambiguatingDescription	Text	A sub property of description. A short description of the item used to disambiguate from other, similar items. Information from other properties (in particular, name) may be necessary for the description to be useful for disambiguation.
identifier	PropertyValue, URL, Text	The identifier property represents any kind of identifier for any kind of Thing, such as ISBNs, GTIN codes, UUIDs etc. Schema.org provides dedicated properties for representing many of these, either as textual strings or as URL (URI) links. See background notes for more details.
image	ImageObject, URL	An image of the item. This can be a URL or a fully described ImageObject.
mainEntityOfPage	URL, CreativeWork	Indicates a page (or other CreativeWork) for which this thing is the main entity being described. See background notes for details.
name	Text	The name of the item.
potentialAction	Action	Indicates a potential Action, which describes an idealized action in which this thing would play an 'object' role.
sameAs	URL	URL of a reference Web page that unambiguously indicates the item's identity. E.g. the URL of the item's Wikipedia page, Wikidata entry, or official website.
subjectOf	CreativeWork, Event	A CreativeWork or Event about this Thing.
url	URL	URL of the item.

Instances of StatisticalVariable may appear as a value for the following properties

Property	On Types	Description
measurementDenominator	Observation, StatisticalVariable	Identifies the denominator variable when an observation represents a ratio or percentage.
variableMeasured	Observation, Dataset	The variableMeasured property can indicate (repeated as necessary) the variables that are measured in some dataset, either described as text or as pairs of identifier and description using PropertyValue, or more explicitly as a StatisticalVariable.